The ocular trauma occupies a significant part of the activity in the service of Ophthalmology. They constitute a real problem of public health, in developing countries in especial, since they are considered to be the capital cause of loss of the eye globe and bad clairvoyance especially among children.This thesis work is proposed to study the epidemiological characteristics, clinical trials of ocular trauma in our context, clarify the main causes and mechanisms of this affection, and finally we suggest the strengthening of prevention and improvement of support.This is thanks to a retrospective and descriptive study performed on hospitalized patients in the service of Ophthalmology at the hospital El Fârâbi ,Oujda, presenting ocular traumatism during a period from January 1, 2012 to 30 octobre,2014.We have carried out a comprehensive recruitment of all patients hospitalized in the service of ophthalmology , during the period of study mentioned above , for ocular trauma The average age was 27.84 years, with a masculine predominance of 74 %, that is a sex ratio of 3 men for a woman. The main cause was attacks, and the traumatic most frequent agent which is the metal object.All our patients have received medical treatment, and 68.55 per cent have benefited from a surgical treatment. The recovery of visual acuity >5/10 was among 29 % among our patients, in parallel and as an objective we have 12.8 % of patients who have presented a monocular blindness. We have ,as a matter of fact , carried out the comparison of our results to those of the previous studies through a review of the literature, before proposing preventive way Involving different actors of the society to contribute to the reduction of the incidence of ocular trauma as well as the improvement of the technical plateau for the obtaining of a best support