The systemic lupus erythematosus is considered among the more leading non-specific organ autoimmune diseases understood, it is now well established that this disease results from the interaction of multiple genetic and environmental factors, leading to inappropriate activation of the immune system. It is characterized by a highly polymorphic systemic involvement and autoimmune response directed against nuclear antigens. It predominantly affects young women of childbearing age and evolves in spurts. Its prevalence varies from one country to another. The prognosis depends on the nature of visceral lesions. Renal and neurological prognosis dominate. Thanks to advances in the treatment, the prognosis has improved considerably and the rate of survival at ten years is now close to 95%, an improvement that was nevertheless achieved at the cost of significant morbidity and mortality mainly infectious, iatrogenic and cardiovascular. This requires the identification of new selective and targeted therapeutic strategies on real molecular and cellular actors of lupus » Our series is the first one in the Eastern region. This is a retrospective singlecenter cross-sectional study that compiled 54 cases of LES diagnosed and followed over a period of 4 ½ years in internal medicine department of the hospital of Oujda, the purpose of our study is to describe the profile epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic of lupus disease in this region of the kingdom . The female predominance is very clear in our series with an average age of 35.4 years .The prevalence of major organ involvement were: renal disease (51.9%), cardiovascular (46.3%), neurological (38.9%). Infectious complications were noted in 51.9% of the cases and were the leading cause of death in our series (5.6%).Male Le lupus érythémateux systémique Thèse N° 047 /15 Mlle. LEHRAIKI MERIEM 140 patients had several progressive damage. Therapeutically, 98.1% of our patients received systemic corticosteroids and 50% were receiving immunosuppressive therapy. With a decline of 24 months, we achieved a sustained complete remission in 48% of patients. The problem of diagnosis delay was common in our series as well as selfmedication upstream of any clear diagnosis and complete set. These problems are not related to access to care but also to the lack of interest devoted to famous rare systemic diseases in our country and therefore not a priority, which is the source not only of diagnostic problem but also the great difficulty to support patients after the diagnosis carried out due to the high cost of care of such pathologies.