Introduction:Acute renal failure (ARF) is a frequent complication in intensive care units. Notwithstanding the many technical innovations, mortality remains high due to the aging of the population affected, the multiplicity of the generating causes, the association of other organ failure and frequent evolution in a septic context.
Patients and methods:We’ve conducted a prospectiv study in the ICU of EL FARABI Hospital OUJDA over a period of six months from 1 January 2014 to 1 July 2014, and we have included all patients with acute renal failure or an acute renal injury on a chronic non-terminal renal failure at their admission or during the hospitalization.The objective of this study was to evaluate the epidemiology, clinical and paraclinical profiles as well as the prognosis of the IRA, and try to identify the predictor factor of mortality
Results:During the study period 426 patients were admitted, 64 of which met our inclusion criteria (15%). The mean age of patients was 54,6 +/- 19 years, with a slight male predominance (sex ratio ,.2). Most found risk factors were hypertension (35,9%) and diabetes (35,5%). 12,5% of our patients were classified stage R. 21,9% and 65,6% respectively stage I and stage F of the RIFLE classification .the organic character of the acute renal failure was a majority with 80% of patients . Septic acute tubular necrosis was the etiology held in 34.4% of cases. An organ failure was present in at least 82.8%, the most common was hemodynamic failure .We used the extra renal replacement therapy in 15.6% of our patients .The overall mortality was 64%, septic shock was the cause of death in 36.6% of them. The mortality risk factors held were age, medical nature of affection, history of diabetes or pre-renal failure, presence of hemodynamic failure, stage F of the RIFLE classification and the organic nature of the acute renal failure
Conclusion: The occurrence of acute renal failure in intensive care is a critical step with a very pejorative prognostic significance. A better understanding of its risk factors and prognosis factors is fundamental for efficient management