The anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) are among the most prescribed drugs worldwide. However, the prevalence of peptic ulcers is about 15 to 30% over the long-term treatment with NSAID. We intend through this work, to study the prevalence of NSAID gastro duodenal ulcer disease and the epidemiologic profile of NSAID ulcer patients.
Materials and methods: This is a retrospective study including 708 cases of peptic ulcer between January 2001 and July 2010 in CHU Hassan II of Fez. All patients with peptic ulcer bleeding or stenosis, who received an endoscopy were included. We studied the prevalence of NSAID use in peptic ulcers, the epidemiological, clinical and endoscopic ulcer patients under NSAID.
Results: One hundred eighty-one patients (25%) had a history of NSAID use. The average age was 46 years [12-100 years]. The sex ratio was 4, Five hundred and sixty four patients were male. Among risk factors, smoking and alcoholism were noted in 45% and 6% of cases. One hundred sixty-one patients (94%) presented an upper gastrointestinal bleeding, while 10 patients (5.5%) had chronic vomiting, epigastric pain were scored at the 51% of cases. Bulbar ulcers were found in 131 patients (72%), 118 were hemorrhagic (65%), 5 were stenosing (2%) and 8 were doubly complicated (4.4%). Gastric ulcers were found on the other 48 patients (26%), of which 41 were hemorrhagic (22%), 5 were stenosis (3%), and 2 doubly complicated (1%). The helicobacter pylori were present in 73% of ulcer patients on NSAID.
Conclusion: NSAID peptic ulcer is common (25%), particularly in the young adult male. In 94% of cases, it is complicated by upper gastrointestinal bleeding, hence the importance of rationalizing the use of NSAID and to establish a prevention strategy in patients at risk.