Cancer de l’estomac expérience du service de chirurgie viscérale du chu Hassan II de Fès (A propos de 121 cas)

gastric cancer is an aggressive cancer with a poor prognosis. It is characterized by a large geographical disparity. The aim of our work is to describe the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic characteristics of gastric adenocarcinoma in our context through a descriptive retrospective study over a period of 5 years (2008- 2012), including all patients admitted to the visceral surgery services (A and B) at Hassan II University Hospital in Fez to support for gastric cancer. At the conclusion of our study, gastric cancer affects mainly men in 80 cases (66.1%) with an average age of 55.47 +/- 13.63 years all sex confused with extreme ages ranging from 25 years to 85 years, this number is below than averages observed in Europe (70). Patients aged between 40 and 54 years were the predominant age group (43.80%) relative to a time limit from 1 to 6 months, 16.52% of patients were smokers, and 3.30% were alcoholics. Among the precancerous conditions found in our patients:8 cases (6.61%) and 2 cases of gastric ulcer (1.65%) of gastric stump cancer (partial gastrectomy).Helicobacter pylori infection was only mentioned in 10 patients. The clinical features were dominated by epigastric with 91 cases (76.5%) and impaired general condition with 82 cases (68.9%). On physical examination, the tumor mass was found in 9 patients (7.6%), and ascites in 19 patients (15.70%). For the complementary examinations, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is the principal means of affirmation, performed in all patients and showed a predominance of antro-pyloric location (63.63%) and and aspect ulcerative budding (76.85%). Histologically, adenocarcinoma is found in 111 cases (91.73%). Of the 121 patients in our series, 2 patients died before the start of treatment, 66 cases (54.54%) were operated. Exploratory surgery without gesture on the tumor was performed in 10 patients (8.26%), curative surgery in 36 patients (29.75%) and palliative surgery in 20 patients (16.52%). The intervention consisted in a subtotal gastrectomy 16.52% (20cas), total gastrectomy 9.09% (11 cases) and a polar oesogastrectomy than 4.15% (5 cases). Gastro-jejunostomy was performed in 8.26% (10 cases). For adjuvant therapy, chemotherapy was indicated in 13 patients (10.74%) and 9 patients (7.43%) had received concomitant chemoradiotherapy MacDonald type. Comparing our results with those of the literature,we concluded that Morocco, gastric cancer is characterized by the occurrence in a younger age group. Besides, It is exceptional to discover superficial stage, one is struck by the increased frequency of aggressive histological forms; add to this a marked delay in the assertion of diagnosis. Much remains to be provided by our practitioners for early treatment, thus improving the very poor prognosis of gastric cancer in our context.