Les abcès de l’ouraque chez l’adulte (A propos de 05 cas et revue de la littérature)

Introduction and objectives The urachal abscess is a pathology that is usually seen in children and adolescents, but more rarely in adults. It is an infectious complication of urachal cyst, sinus or diverticulum. Diagnosis is based on clinical examination and imagery combining ultrasonography and computed tomography. In the absence of treatment, patients are at risk of recurrence of symptoms, infectious complications or degeneration to mucosecretant in adenocarcinoma liberkhünien type, colloid or signet ring. The risk of complications must systematically result in proposing a surgical treatment. The surgery aims to remove the urachus, the lateral umbilical ligaments and bladder cuff. The laparoscopic surgery appears to be an interesting surgical approach for this type of intervention in these young and active patients The aim of our work is to study the urachal abscess through the analysis of the records of 5 patients treated in the urology department at the University Hospital Hassan II of Fez. Material and methods This is a retrospective chart review of patients collected at the urology department of the University Hospital Hassan II over a period of 4 years (01/01/2009 to 31/12/2013). The average age of patients was 27,6 years. All patients were admitted through the emergency room for abscess and painful periumbilical series operating in a fever. The biological assessment through blood counts and the use of CPR on all patients had confirmed the infectious syndrome. Abdominal ultrasound andabdominopelvic CT had confirmed the the diagnosis of abscessed urachal sinus in three cases and superinfected cyst in two cases. All patients were operated. The surgical procedure consisted of the removal of the entire urachal surrounded by a bi-antibiotic therapy withprotected amoxicillin or ceftriaxone associated with gentamicin. The consequences were simple in all cases. Discussion The pathology of the urachus is rarely encountered in adulthood. the most frequent form at this age is the urachal cyst (30.7%), while the external blind fistula (16.4%) and internal (3.2%) are rarer. Clinically, the abscess may be manifested in a periodic flow of the umbilicus, associated with localized or generalized abdominal pain, a palpable mass. see sepsis. Ultrasound can establish the diagnosis in 77% of patients. Recourse to the CT to confirm the diagnosis and analyze connections with adjacent structures is often necessary. The treatment of urachal abscess is medical-surgical, based on antibiotic therapy and surgery. The surgery aims to remove the urachus, the lateral umbilical ligaments and a bladder cuff. The laparoscopic surgery appears to be an interesting surgical approach for this type of intervention in these young and active patients Conclusion The urachal abscess is rare in adults. Its presentations are atypical. The triad made of an sub umbilical mass, the umbilicus discharge and the sepsis should suspect the diagnosis. Ultrasound as well as CT scan confirm the diagnosis. An antibiotic based medical treatment surrounding the surgery is recommended. The surgery involves the complete removal of the urachus with an excision of a bladder cuff